Domain is a sphere of knowledge or activity. For instance, you go to your favourite superstore to buy some products. Superstore buys these products from different sources and sells them to its customer. This superstore has its own unique business knowledge and way of doing things. This understanding and its methods for carrying out its activities or operations is its Domain. If this superstore requests you to develop a software for them, then you will be working in its domain.
It is rare to find a business that has only one functionality. There are different functions that make a business successful. It is always good to think about each of those business functions separately as a Subdomain. So a domain consists of multiple subdomains. In our superstore example, we can say that it has four subdomains: Product Catelog, Orders, Invoicing, and Shipping.
Some subdomains can be labeled as core domains. A Core Domain is a part of the business domain that is most important. The success of the business mainly depends on it. It deserves most of your attention and resources.
There are two other types of subdomains: Supporting Subdomain and Generic Subdomain. In many occasions you will find that there are services created or acquired to support the business. If it models some aspect of the business that is essential, yet not Core, it is a Supporting Subdomain. Supporting subdomains provide specialized functionality, whereas Generic Subdomain captures those activities that are not special but are required for the overall business solution.
Remember Supporting and Generic subdomains are not unimportant and they also deserve attention from you. But there is no need for the business to excel in these areas. It is the Core Domain that will provide distinct advantages to the business, hence it requires excellence in implementation.
References:
- Domain-Driven Design - By Eric Evans
- Implementing Domain-Driven Design - By Vaughn Vernon
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